Article 1, Section 9, Clause 8
No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince or foreign State.
| 1. | William Blackstone, Commentaries 1:153--54, 261--62, 1765 |
| 2. | Thomas Paine, Reflections on Titles, May 1775 |
| 3. | Virginia Declaration of Rights, sec. 4, 12 June 1776 |
| 4. | Benjamin Franklin to Sarah Bache, 26 Jan. 1784 |
| 5. | Thomas Jefferson to George Washington, 16 Apr. 1784 |
| 6. | Records of the Federal Convention |
| 7. | Cato, no. 2, 10 Dec. 1787 |
| 8. | James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, 9 May 1789 |
| 9. | James Madison, Title for the President, House of Representatives, 11 May 1789 |
| 10. | Thomas Jefferson to William Temple Franklin, 20 Apr. 1790 |
| 11. | William Temple Franklin to Thomas Jefferson, 27 Apr. 1790 |
| 12. | St. George Tucker, Blackstone's Commentaries 1:App. 216--22, 295--96, 1803 |
| 13. | Thomas Jefferson to John Adams, 28 Oct. 1813 |
| 14. | William Rawle, A View of the Constitution of the United States 119--20 1829 (2d ed.) |
| 15. | Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Constitution 3:§§ 1345--46, 1833 |
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