Amendment IX
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
| 1. | William Blackstone, Commentaries 1:120--41, 1765 |
| 2. | Massachusetts House of Representatives, Circular Letter to the Colonial Legislatures, 11 Feb. 1768 |
| 3. | Samuel Adams, The Rights of the Colonists, 20 Nov. 1772 |
| 4. | Continental Congress, Declaration and Resolves, 14 Oct. 1774 |
| 5. | "John DeWitt," NO. 2, Oct. 1787 |
| 6. | Federal Farmer, no. 16, 20 Jan. 1788 |
| 7. | James Madison, House of Representatives, 8 June 1789 |
| 8. | House of Representatives, Amendments to the Constitution, 17 Aug. 1789 |
| 9. | Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Constitution 3:§ 1898, 1833 |